Relationship between the numbers of goals of the FIFA world cup 2014 score with the height of the players?

IntroductionThe FIFA world cup is one of the most celebrated soccer tournaments around the world today. Not only does it serve as entertainment to everyone that watches the tournament but to participate teams have to have play a game against every team of there area teams classified this year include country’s like Argentina, Spain, Bosnia, Brazil, USA, Italy, France and many more. This being said for teams to win games they have to score more goals than other teams in this investigation the purpose is to verify if there is a correlation between the height of soccer players and the amount of goals they score.Statement of taskThe main purpose of this investigation is to determine whether there is a relationship between the height of the player and the amount of scores that they scored through out the period of qualifications for the 2014 FIFA world cup Brazil. The type of data that will be collected will be the Height of  fifteen different players who have scored and all are from teams that have qualified to go to the 2014 FIFA world cup and the amount of goals they have scored.Plan of investigationI am investigating the relationship of Players and height of players. I have collected the data of the players height through the use of the official FIFA 2014 website; I have also used this website to collect the number of goals the players made. Furthermore with the collection of data that I have acquired I have performed several mathematical processes to analyze the data such processes consisted on; finding the mean, median and mode, making a scatter plot of the data, finding the correlation, making a cumulative frequency chart, a box and whisker plot a histogram, and finally finding the standard deviation. I will also perform a chi square test on the data to show the dependence of the height of the players and the amount of goals they have scored.

Music 100 Essay

1. Form in music is different from the form in visual arts because in music it contains a beginning, ending, and the musical events that occur in between. 2. You can describe a composition form on many levels. 3. Binary form have repeated A and B sections usually of the same length. AABB form. Classical music and nursery rhymes are examples of music in binary form. 4. Some of the contexts that call and response is used are socialized interaction, stylized conversation, and imitation. 5. Sonata form is one of the most important forms of the Classical and Romantic periods and remains in use today. It has 3 sections: exposition, development, and recapitulation. There is a progression of events that happen and each section plays a different function in developing the piece. (Hast, pg. 302-303, 2010) 6. The basic blues structure is a twelve bar strophic and made up of stanzas (or verses). The bar is a steady grouping of beats; each of this form is a group of four beats. These bars are further grouped into 3 phrases of 4 bars each. (Hast, pg. 304, 2010) 7. The typical sections of a contemporary North Indian classical instrumental performance are: 1) a three part alap (improvisation), 2) a two-part slow or medium tempo gat (composition), 3) improvisations based on the gat, 4) a fast gat, and 5) improvisations based on the fast gat. (Hast, pg. 312, 2010) 8. The performance or free jazz is different than playing the blues because they do not use the same form.

Organisational structure of big bazaar Essay

The retail sector in India can broadly be classified as organized and unorganized where the share of unorganized sector is more than 93% of the total and includes the kirana stores, mom and pop stores and the ilk. The organized or modern retail sector on the other hand captures a mere 7% of the total market share. Modern retail is defined as a form of retailing whereby consumers can buy goods from a similar purchase environment across more than one physical location and operates under three levels: Specialist stores catering to some particular category of product such as footwear, pharma & beauty, food and grocery etc. – classified under level I. Departmental stores that cater to a few categories of retail put under level II, and malls where we find an agglomeration of many departmental stores, hypermarkets etc – classified under level III retail. ABSTRACT The growing number of modern retail outlets in India on the one hand and frequent sale seasons and talks of underperformance on the other point to a mixed bag and make us wonder whether the sector is on the right growth trajectory. In this report, rather than providing with just the facts, we have tried to understand the modern retail sector from an economist’s point of view and visualize its future-whether it is in its expansion or contraction phase. Motivated by the rising per-capita incomes and increased  spending on consumer goods, modern retail stores are coming up with new strategies and plans to unlock the Pandora box of the untapped and unorganized retail sector. In the course of the report, we try to find out – how the retail sector works, major regulations that affect its functioning and the challenges that await the sector and summarize with our analysis and recommendations. Note: We have used where we’ve analyzed the situation from a micro-economic point of view. INTRODUCTION The retail sector in India can broadly be classified as organized and unorganized where the share of unorganized sector is more than 93% of the total and includes the kirana stores, mom and pop stores and the ilk. The organized or modern retail sector on the other hand captures a mere 7% of the total market share. Modern retail is defined as a form of retailing whereby consumers can buy goods from a similar purchase environment across more than one physical location and operates under three levels: Specialist stores catering to some particular category of product such as footwear, pharma & beauty, food and grocery etc. – classified under level I. Departmental stores that cater to a few categories of retail put under level II, and malls where we find an agglomeration of many departmental stores, hypermarkets etc – classified under level III retail.

'Memory is simply biased, inaccurate history.' Discuss Essay

'Memory is simply biased, inaccurate history.' Discuss - Essay Example Memory denotes a distinctive and new field of study and a new method of conceptualization of the history as a generic field of inquiry (Cubitt, 2007). History is fundamentally remembered by the new generation by reading the accounts of the historians. It is not uncommon to find the pieces of literature giving completely different information from each other though they are all related to the same event. The main reason why there is so much difference between the historic accounts related to the same events is that different historians have made their accounts solely depending on their own memories. This paper discusses the statement â€Å"memory is simply biased, inaccurate history† drawing upon the elements that incorporate biasness in the memory and make its status as history inaccurate. In the recent years, the notion of memory has attained the status of a leading term in the cultural history. The notion of memory is used with varying levels of sophistication and is practic ed more than theorized. It has been used to study the memory of people that experienced such great and memorable events as the Holocaust survivors (Confino, 1997, p. 1386). In addition to that, memory has denoted past’s representation and its making into a knowledge of shared culture by the successive generations in such vehicles of memory as films, books, commemorations, and different forms and mediums of literature. The pageantry surrounding the British monarchy in the manifestations of its public ceremonies are seemingly the most ancient and related to an immemorial past. It is a product of the last two centuries in its modern form. Traditions that claim to be ancient are sometimes invented or are recently made. People who know about the colleges of the ancient British universities can visualize these traditions on a local scale (Hobsbawm, 1983, p. 1). Along with the rapid advancement of the world, the study of nationalism has also undergone a massive transformation in ter ms of scale, quantity, method, and level of sophistication (Anderson, 1983, p. xii). There is a tendency in human beings known as confirmation bias that causes them to favor the information by which their beliefs are confirmed. People make use of the confirmation bias upon collecting or remembering the information in a selective manner or while interpreting the information in a biased manner. Issues that are emotionally charged have a stronger effect as well as for the beliefs that are deeply entrenched. For instance, people generally use the sources that are in favor of their existing attitudes towards and perceptions of politics. Ambiguous evidence is also interpreted as supportive of people’s existing position. Memory, biased research, and interpretation have all been summoned to explain the polarization of behavior when different parties have the same evidence and yet they disagree with one another, perseverance of belief when it persists after the evidence has turned out to be false, illusionary correlation 0when people misunderstand the link between different events and situations, and the irrational primacy effect that refers to a greater reliance on the earlier encountered information in a series. During the 1960s, a series of experiments showed how biased people are toward supporting their current beliefs. Results of these researches were re-interpreted later as a tendency to evaluate the concepts in a one-sided

Operation Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Operation Management - Research Paper Example Firstly, for sustainability, efficiency and to improve infrastructural access throughout all the branches and the teller machines, the NBAD has deployed sophisticated technological system meant to monitor all the data centers. This system has been integrated in a way such that, it helps in power planning, management and distribution by giving warnings about power availability while ensuring consistent customers service for maximum returns output. Moreover, this organization having been ranked amongst the safest banks in the world has opened up numerous branches within the United Arab Emirates as a strategy of gaining competitive advantage. Additionally, the bank has implemented the use of automatic teller machines (ATM) to aid accessibility of transactions with 24 house online customer support. Through telephone calls and online banking categorically termed as Nbadonline or Nbaddirect customers are assured the safest money transactions which, eliminates the threat of physical transac tions of money and chances of robbery (Suwaidi, 1994). National Bank of Abu Dhabi has implemented into its operation, finacle management systems with treasury as well as capital market business. This system helps in minimizing risks associated with trading in securities while offering financial assistance in relevance to office operations. NBAD has had sustainable operations by focusing on service delivery to the customers through the deployment of finacle system which, helps in the reduction of cost through effective and non faulted operations as one way of achieving the objectives and visions of the organization (Suwaidi, 1994). National Bank of Abu Dhabi believes in a centralized of financial process in where adequate funds can be dispatched in support of other operations within the organization while prioritizing for higher returns with very minimal anticipating of risks. Besides this idea, NBAD has invested in financial management systems that enables the customers to have accu rate execution of the transactions focusing on cash optimization efficiency through a round the clock automation systems. Moreover, the organization is equipped with an enterprise resource programs where the treasury, management board and the other industries are involved in to the in integration of automated systems that sees transactions from one organization to the other. National Bank of Abu Dhabi has succeeded in the integration of optimized transaction system with the development and Tourism Company to enable cash management efficiency and other likeminded organizations with the treasury (Peng, 2012). NBAD is also practices divergent transparency when it to the relationship with the investors, this has been made through availing of timely financial information and reports which, are basically aided by financial fact sheet and other reports which can be acceded easily through the decision support systems linked to the investors portals. Through such systems, stakeholders are ab le to make timely decision about the appropriate time to sell or make purchases of investment securities (Peng, 2012). . Operation management and qualities of Emirates Airlines Company Despite the fact that emirates Airline Company is wholly owned by the government of Dubai, it has revolutionized into a global

Cultural Tensions in 1950s Hollywood Film Essay

Cultural Tensions in 1950s Hollywood Film - Essay Example As America emerged from the darkest days of the â€Å"Red Scare†, which saw the Hollywood film community intimidated by politicians, it was considered risky at best to undertake a thoughtful and soul-searching study of American political institutions and society. It is the thesis of this essay that Twelve Angry Men uses the instruments of American government and culture to effectively combat just these prejudices and bigotries. The film zeroes in on the New York of the 1950’s, the scene of a massive influx of Puerto Rican immigration in the years since the Second World War ended. There was considerable backlash by older immigrant stock both resentful and fearful of the newcomers. This tendency is frequently found today in soft areas of cultural intrusion and the perception of threat—whether real or imaginary—by the â€Å"invaders.† Such borderline xenophobia is of course not confined to America in that decade, but it seemed to present a crisis at th e local level at that time. It is into this setting that Twelve Angry Men is embedded. A Puerto Rican youth is accused of patricide in the stabbing death of his father, and it is his misfortune to come before a jury of largely apathetic or overtly racist men to hear the case. The film uses the sterilised laboratory of the American courtroom and jury deliberation room in the relentless search for objectivity and ultimate truth. Since this is a capital murder case, it is also a life or death decision for the defendant, the death penalty then being the punishment for the guilty. Whilst this would seem to demand the utmost care and commitment of the men on the panel, in fact the opposite happens. They range from the apathetic and even jovial to annoyance and boredom at the proceedings. Thus, there is also a subordinated theme of indifference to this highest of civic duties. Into this vacuum steps Davis, a man who seems to take his duties seriously. Disturbed at what he interpreted as a weak defence for the accused, he is the sole holdout as the poll goes around the room, voting â€Å"not guilty†. The other panelists have already determined the young man’s guilt, but Davis wants to â€Å"talk†; that is, he wants to open a dialogue box to try to find the truth. In this, he is after all only discharging his constitutional obligation to establish guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. After this first polling, he gradually wins over one by one his fellow panelists, but it is not easy. Davis does not pretend to have all the answers, only probing questions to find the truth in the shadow of prejudice. In perhaps the most trenchant bit of dialogue in the script, Davis confronts the most blatantly bigoted member of the group after eyewitness testimony by a Puerto Rican woman throws some doubt on the deliberations. â€Å"She’s one of them, isn’t she?† he demands of the bigot. â€Å"You’re a pretty smart fella, aren’t you?à ¢â‚¬  the man replies, and then mutters to the others, â€Å"what’s he getting so smart about?† Possibly for the first time in his life, he has had his thought processes stimulated by a stranger. Soon, he changes his verdict as well. But Davis is far from arrogant in his search for objective truth. In another memorable scene in the water closet, another man confronts Davis and plants the seed of doubt in his mind. â€Å"How do you know the kid didn’t really knife his father?†

Jean Piaget Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Jean Piaget - Essay Example noted that all children develop through all these stages with a childs understanding of the world changing as a child moves from one stage to another. In his study, Piaget was able to prove that choices that people make in life are dependent on the developmental stage that a person has reached (Pressley and McCormick, 2007). This is after the psychologist proved that because children and adults think differently, the choices that people make depend on whether an individual is still a child or an adult. Certainly, Piagets theory of human development has significantly influenced the choices I have made in life. I have particularly used Piagets child intelligence and thought process to guide for pursuance of education as the ultimate means of succeeding in life. For instance, I did not take education seriously during my childhood days. To me, everything was normal because I used to think mostly in an abstract manner. In fact, I used to find it difficult going to school since I did not view education as something important in life. Such thought process continued until middle adolescent when I began to learn of the importance of education in the present day society. Piagets findings can explain the sudden change in my thought process. In this case, Piaget demonstrated that, once an individual has reached the formal operational stage, the individuals moral decision-making process is refined (Van Blerkom, 2008). Similarly, I began to realize the importance of education upon reaching at adolescent stage. Nevertheless, as much as I was aware of the importance of education, the fact that I still had childhood thinking prevented me from studying hard. However, as soon as I approached 16 years old, I realized that, for me to succeed in life I have to study hard and obtain good grades. Otherwise, my life will be a misery. My understanding of the importance of studying hard to perform well in class can be explained by Piagets developmental stage theory. In this regard, Piaget

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 20

Management - Essay Example Currently, people at Mr. X’s hotel owing to his highly profitable management style share mutual goals, which is a kind of trend that results in delivering real value to customers. Following discussion will demonstrate key features of my interview with Mr. X and also explain how his experience added to my knowledge of management. Many factors internal and external to an organization can influence the role played by mangers in carrying out their job. Success of a company depends a lot on if a manager is a good planner and has a considerable experience in planning functions or not. Sometimes managers do not find it easy to fully commit themselves to their plans which can adversely affect both short and long-term goals of a company. Apart from managers’ inherent capabilities, it can be factors external to an organization like the state of an economy or a fiercely competitive business environment which can affect the role played by managers. Bad economy can prevent a manager from good planning. The essence of Mr. X’s narrative was that a manager should essentially view him/herself as a conscientious leader. This is because an ethically and socially responsible leader always remains keen on participating with his/her employees. This participative style is the key to sustain success in any organization. Mr. X also described different management styles to me. Some organizations are run like tribes where managers primarily focus on paternalistic authoritarian management. Such managers develop aggressive-defensive cultures which thrive on the use of coercive prods. These coercive means are used by employers to force employees to complete tasks (Cheng 2006, p. 59). This negatively impacts the rate of employee motivation in an organization. Participative style on the other hand advocates the idea that every member of an organization

Human Resource Management And HR Policies Essay - 1

Human Resource Management And HR Policies - Essay Example Apart from these activities the sector also includes sports and leisure time activities and programs such as golf courses, fitness clubs, fishing, arts, and crafts. Similarly, the hospitality sector of the leisure industry involves accommodation facilities along with flooding and other amenities. By summarising these attributes it is quite evident that the industry accumulates the features of the entire entertainment industry along with the characteristics of travel and tourism sectors. No wonder due to this special attribute, the industry gains advantages from both the booming sectors related to the leisure choices of people. Hence, the industry itself is emerging as an important and quite promising segment in the global market (Human Kinetics, 2005). Being an emerging and one of the most promising industries, several companies are choosing to enter the leisure industry while few companies have already gained an identifiable position in the industry. Brendon Jones Ltd. is also a company engaged in the activities of the leisure industry. The company presently employs almost 300 associates working in it’s headquarter and 10 other outlets scattered in different parts of the Valley of South Wales. The administration of the company is set with one individual manager to deal with the obstacles emerging in each of the ten outlets among whom none were specialized in the Human Resource Management (HRM) sector. This was one of the major problems which laid the company to a disruption in terms of its HR policies. The paper, therefore, will be focussed on the identification and the evaluation of the problems faced by the company in terms of its employee satisfaction, i.e. its HR policies. Moreover, the paper will aim at recommending a strategic solution in order to eradicate these obstacles and invigorate its performance as a leisure service provider company.

Key Sectors of Economic Growth in Kenya Essay Example for Free

Key Sectors of Economic Growth in Kenya Essay Economic growth is the increase in the amount of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product i.e. real GDP. In Kenya the key main sectors to achieve economic growth are agriculture which is the mainstay economic growth drivers, energy sector, manufacturing and industry, service sector which is mainly tourism, financial services and banking and also the private sector. All of these sectors are in line with the Kenya Vision 2030, the economic pillar. The key sectors are as discussed below: 1. AGRICULTURE: Agriculture has been the key factor of economic growth of Kenyan economy. It continues to be the key factor that will drive the economic growth of Kenya as it contributes to about 24% of Growth Domestic Product. And for this reason the government should increase budgetary allocation to the agricultural sector up from the Kshs 53.5 billion allocated in National Budget 2012/201 so as to be in line with the Maputo Declaration which requires the budget allocation to agriculture to be atleast 10% of total Government budgets and The government should also subsidize the farm inputs such as fertilizers for the farmers, this will maximize production. Livestock farming also has to be considered. If the government increases funding to the agricultural sector, such occurrences as food shortages, seasonal inflation and unemployment would be curbed if not avoided. Agricultural sector which includes; †¢Livestock sector and dairy farming: The livestock sector provides employment opportunities while also increases income. Kenya exports from hides and skins for leather industry earned Kshs 4 billion. Also reforms need to be made on the Kenya Meat Commission. †¢Fisheries: Kenya earns around Kshs 4 billion from this sector. The sector also employs about 60000 people and also over half a million people depend on this sector for livelihood through trading and fish processing thus thee number of fish processing plants should be increased. 2. TOURISM SECTOR: The service sector of Kenya contributes 63% of Growth Domestic Product and it’s mainly tourism industry which is the country’s principal source of foreign exchange thus the government. The tourism industry along with the government has to take steps to address the security problem and to reverse negative publicity especially after the post-Election Violence of 2007 following disputed General Elections. Such steps among others should include establishing a tourist police and launching marketing campaigns in key tourist origin markets. Former minister of Tourism Najib Balala ran such campaigns in CNN. 3. ENERGY SECTOR: The energy sector an important sector to drive the smooth growth of the economy hence there is need for the Government to put up measures that would help the sector to grow thereby, contributing to the growth of the economy as the sector is depended on by manufacturing and industrial sector and also the agricultural sector. There exists limited power generation and transmission capacity in the country. This is caused by lack of adequate investment in power systems and infrastructure development. This combined with rapid economic growth, new customer connections and unreliable rainfall patterns have caused the current electricity shortage in Kenya. Though Kenya is not natural resource endowed, the natural resources the country can boast of for energy generation are small hydro, geothermal, coal, biogas, tidal waves, solar, wind and recently the oil exploration in Turkana. The government needs to invest heavily in the energy sector so that there is no over reliance on Hydro power. The government should implement a policy to attract private sector investments in the energy sector i.e. the Kenya Private Sector Power Generation Support Project. In doing so it will boost economic growth and in job creation. 4. INDUSTRY AND MANUFACTURING SECTOR: Kenya boast of being the industrialized country in East Africa, the manufacturing sector contributes to about 15% of Growth domestic Product, this percentage doesn’t as the manufacturing sector is hampered by high energy costs, shortages of hydro telemetric power, poor infrastructure and counterfeits products i.e. cheap imports. Industrial and manufacturing sector has become increasingly significant to Kenya economy due to increased urbanization. Most industrial plants are located in urbanized towns which has led to the reason Kenya has three cities i.e. Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu; they include food-processing industries such as grain milling, beer production, and sugarcane crushing. These plants contribute significantly to national income as well as generate employment. Also the oil refinery which processes imported crude petroleum into petroleum products, mainly for the domestic market. In addition, a substantial and expanding informal sector engages in small-scale manufacturing of household goods, motor-vehicle parts, and farm implements. 5. FINANCIAL SECTOR AND BANKING: Kenya is East and Central Africas hub for financial services. Most of the banking institution and other financial services firms are located in the urban centres as it is considered that urban people have higher income which is not the case, thus innovation and opening of banking sectors should be put in place in rural areas. Such innovations includes mobile banking which where now rural populations have daily access to financial services as most people now own mobile handsets. MPESA is the widely used mobile banking, it is estimated that MPESA has given access financial services to about 75% of the people. Government thus needs to encourage other mobile money transfers such as Tangaza, Yu cash, and Airtel money. In doing so it will create a competitive environment and thus many people will get access to the financial services. The Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE) ranks fourth in Africa in terms of Market capitalization. Stock markets provide market liquidity that enables implementation of long term projects with long term payoffs thereby promoting a country’s economic growth. Moreover, efficient capital markets not only avail resources to investors, they also facilitate inflow of foreign financial resources into the domestic economy. Government needs to institute reforms in the financial sector as capital market development is an important component of financial sector development and supplements the role of the banking system in economic development. Capital markets assists in price discovery, liquidity provision, reduction in transactions costs, and risk transfer.

The Economical Environment of Senegal

The Economical Environment of Senegal Capital: Dakar Official language: French Area : 196,723 kmsq. Population: 13,711,597 (2009) approx Currency : CFA franc Prime minister: Souleymane Ndiaye President: Abdouyale Wade The area that today is Senegal once was part of the West African Empire of Mali, Ghana, and Tekrur. The country takes its name from the river that runs along its northern and eastern borders, forming the frontier with Mauritania and Mali. A poetic etymology from the Wolof people states that the name derives from the local term  Sunugal,  meaning our dugout canoe (everyone is in the same boat). The Republic of Senegal became independent in 1960 after three centuries of  French colonial rule. Dakar, the capital since independence in 1960, lies on the Cap Vert peninsula, the most westerly point in Africa. Before independence, Dakar was the capital of French West Africa , which included nine French-speaking West African states. Although predominantly Muslim, Senegal is a tolerant secular state, whose peoples have lived together peacefully for several generations and have intermingled to some extent. Islam is a potential unifying factor. Wolof is the national language. Independent f rom France in 1960, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982. However, the envisaged integration of the two countries was never carried out, and the union was dissolved in 1989. Despite peace talks, a southern separatist group sporadically has clashed with government forces since 1982. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping. PESTEL ANALYSIS OF SENEGAL Political environment affecting Senegal These are how and to what degree a government intervenes in the economy. Specifically, political factors include areas such as tax policy, labor law, environmental law, trade restrictions, tariffs, and political stability. It will further depict how political factors shape the labor after Senegal in market evolution in Senegal after evolution 1945? Its by Pointing out the political factors as a key element in the evolution of the labor market since 1945. The change in the labor market is been mainly shaped by political factors as illustrated by four cases: The Union franchise : 1946 to 1956 The loi-cadre :1956 to 1960 The early post independence State policy: 1960 to 1980 The post independance State policy at the adjustment structural era: 1980 to 2000 The union franchise: 1946 to 1956 This policy which affects the political factors of Senegal consists of 2 key issues- The assimilations constitution adopted in 1946. The extension of the investment policy through the adoption of the FIDES (Funds investment development economy society) The loi-cadre : 1956 to 1960 A metropolitan France response to the growing favor for decolonization in the international community. It introduced the breakdown of the French west federation and the drastic reduction of industrial investment. The major consequence was the loss of major markets i.e. guinea, Soudan and ivory coast and the increasing obsolescene of production facilities. The post independance State policy at the adjustment structural era: 1980 to 2000 The economic crisis that began in 1968, , as well as the effects of rapid population growth and accelerated urbanization deeply compounded the problem of an oversupply of unemployed and underemployed workers. The adoption of structural adjustment policies led to the withdrawl of the state from the labor market in 1980. Thus we conclude that the change in the labor market was determined by political factors as well as economic factors. Economic environment affecting Senegal- It includes economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and the inflation rate. Economic factors includes addressing the basic problems encountered by Senegals economy: lack of diversified output, the inefficiency of investments, the role of state in economic activity, and the excessive expansion of domestic consumer demand. These problems have been partly addressed by programs focusing on food self-sufficiency, fishing, and tourism, and by strengthening high-return activities. Projects such as the Manantali irrigation project, the phosphate-to-fertilizer recovery project, and the trawler modernization program are examples of what Senegal is doing within this policy framework. In the area of manufacturing, capacity utilization improvement, equipment modernization, and low-capital production are emphasized. Since 1994, the government has made progress in privatizing state-owned enterprises, reducing labor costs to improve competitiveness in the manufacturing sector, and liberalizing trade by eliminating export subsidies and removing restrictions on certain strate gic imports. Private economic revenues accounted for roughly 82% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 1999, but trade liberalization had not progressed as much as planned. Social environment- It includes the cultural aspects and includes health consciousness, population growth rate, age distribution, career attitudes and emphasis on safety. The key issue is safe operation of the equipments. It also consists of 1) Symbol stratification: The society historically which was organized into a hierarchy of castes, a rigid structure in which descendants of royal lines and nobles ruled over artisan castes and slaves. After independence, a new set of status criteria emerged. New means for achieving wealth, power, and status were introduced through the market economy and the development of the education system. 2) Symbol of social stratification- During the colonial era, nearly all the profits generated by the largest firms went to foreigners and the local nobility. The nationalization programs led by the government after independence favored a small number of citizens who entered into a new competition for status and power. 3) Social Welfare and change programs: Poor economic management has led to the intervention of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in State programs and policies. Two decades of structural adjustment programs have reduced government spending in all public sector activities, including social services. Urban and rural dwellers have adopted creative survival strategies, that have helped them cope with difficult times. 4) Infant rate- People value children greatly. A child is seen as neighborhood property, and so child care responsibilities are shared.  Abandonment of infants is rare, and the strength of family bonds limits the need for institutional care of orphans. 5) Child rearing and education: By the time a child is five or six years of age, he or she is taught good values and etiquette. A child should greet elders, help parents with household chores, avoid foul language, and listen to the wisdom of elders. In their early years, boys and girls play together. As they grow older, gender roles become more sharply defined, with the girls remaining more with their mothers to learn household chores. TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT: It includes technological aspects such as RD activity, automation, technology incentives and the rate of technological change. They can determine barriers to entry, minimum efficient production level and influence outsourcing decisions. Furthermore, technological shifts can affect costs, quality and leads to innovation. The African Regional Center for Technology, with 30 member states, has its headquarters in Dakar. Most research facilities in Senegal deal with agricultural subjects. Dakar has centers for mining and medical research and a research institute on African food and nutrition problems. An institute of research for oils and oilseeds is at Bambey. The Senegalese Institute of Agricultural Research, with headquarters at Dakar, operates a national center of agronomical research at Bambey, a national laboratory of livestock and veterinary research at Dakar, an oceanographic center at Dakar, and numerous other technical facilities throughout the country. The University Cheikh Anta Diop at Dakar, founded in 1949, has faculties of medicine and pharmacy and of sciences, and research institutes in psychopathology, leprosy, pediatrics, renewable energy, applied tropical medicine, applied mathematics, health and development, environmental science, adontology and stomatology, applied nuclear technology, and the teaching of mathematics, physics, and technology. The University of Saint Louis has an applied mathematics unit. Other facilities for scientific training include a polytechnic school; an international school of sciences and veterinary medicine, representing 13 French-speaking countries, at Dakar; and an institute of nutritional technology at Dakar. In 1987-97, science and engineering students accounted for 21% of college and university enrollments. In the same period, four technicians and three scientists and engineers per million people were engaged in research and development. ECOLOGICAL/ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS- Cultures are quite diverse in moral teachings or beliefs and vary in many ecological aspects like climate, geography, population size, and social organization. The Wolof culture is an African tribe located between the northwestern areas of the Senegal and Gambia rivers. This entire area has a tropical climate and a flat landscape. The climate is usually dry and the Wolof people generally depend on wells for their water needs besides agriculture. The Wolof people are a dominant group in Senegal. The majority of the Wolof is Muslim and is very religious. They are rural villagers and each village may consist of anywhere from 50 to 150 people. Although French is the main language spoken in Senegal, the Wolof language is quite popular. The division of labor is based on social status and gender. The Wolof recognizes the patrilineage descent among villages. The Wolof organizational structure is characterized by bilateral descent. The Wolof group is ideal to study because they represent a hi gh percentage of Senegals population and there are a lot of documented sources on their culture. Identifying moral prohibitions and taboos concerning the Wolof culture is pertinent in understanding ecological and social factors and moral prohibitions by using the eHRAF database. LEGAL ENVIRONMENT- There are various legal factors which affect the environment of the country. The various laws which are being updated in wide range of areas example consumer protection legislation, environment legislation,Health, safety and employment laws etc. corruption has also been the vital factors which affects the legal environment of the country. There are a number of factors that facilitate non transparent and corrupt governance practices in Senegal. These include: Lack of sufficient regard for the law and inadequate application of existing laws The politicization of the State bureaucracy and its inability to effectively deliver basic public services. Weak accountability mechanisms Limited transparency and access to governmental information Resistance to decentralization The limited scope and capacity of civil society organizations involved in anticorruption activities Widespread public tolerance and acceptance of corruption based on cultural and social norms and traditions. Based on an analysis of Senegals political, institutional, legal and cultural context, it identifies four major, overarching problems that need to be addressed to significantly improve governance and reduce corrupt behavior: Inadequate checks on executive decision-making resulting from the pattern of extreme concentration of power in the presidency. The lack of transparency in government operations and lack of autonomy of control and regulatory institutions charged with monitoring public expenditures. Lack of service orientation in delivery of services to the public Inadequate and ineffective public opposition to corruption. COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE USING THE PORTERS DIAMOND Michael porters competitive advantage of nations will be used as the theoretical model for this study. This theory provides a framework to examine how nations gain a competitive advantage in the global marketplace based on specific determinants found within the industries within a nation. Michael porters competitive advantage of nations explores how businesses within a nation gain a competitive advantage. Porter believes that groups or clusters of interconnected firms, suppliers, related industries, and various institutions that arises in particular locations of Senegal, the government has to think about economies, assess the competitive advantage of the locations and set public policy. The 4 primary determinants of his model are: factor conditions demand conditions related and supporting industries firm strategy, structure, rivalry FACTOR CONDITIONS- are the basic inputs of production that is necessary to compete in an industry. E.gs are skilled labor, infrastructure, or capital resources. DEMAND CONDITIONS- are the quality of the home demand for a product or service in an industry. RELATED SUPPORTING INDUSTRIES- are defined by whether a nation has the supplier and related industries are competitive. FIRM STRATEGY, STRUCTURE RIVALRY- conditions within a nation that administer how companies are created, organized, and managed along with the type of domestic rivalry. According to porter these determinants individually and as a structure provide the atmosphere for nations to gain a competitive advantage. Porter positions these determinants in a diamond pattern. Senegals performance and competitive advantage in manufacturing relates to growth of manufactured exports which is often considered crucial for economic development. The reasons are: Price and income elasticities of demand, as well as price elasticities of supply are greater for manufacturing than other industries. Positive externalities and external economies are thought to be associated with manufactured exports. In Senegal, demand is for two main sectors: 1) Gold Mining 2) Infrastructure, Power Communications Gold Mining- the mining deposits consists of 2 projects: Sabodala gold operation- Strategically located at epicentre of a major new gold district. Positioned on one of the world great golds belts. Grand cote mineral sands project- development project with tier 1 pot SABODALA PROJECT A strong operating margin provides for a robust project- Volume mined : 55 Mtpa Heavy Mineral grade: 1.7%-1.8% Infrastructure, power and  communications- For a developing nation, Senegal has a well organized  infrastructure  compared to most other African countries   The World Bank estimated that in 1995 there were 507 kilometers  (315 miles) of paved road per million people. The CIA  World Fact Book  2001  notes that there are 14,576 kilometers (9,058 miles) of highway, 4,271 kilometers (2,653 miles) of which are paved. Although the railway system is somewhat antiquated, it carries more than 3 million tons of cargo per year. The railway network, which extends across 906 kilometers (563 miles), links  the major cities to Dakar and provides services between Senegal and Mali. According to the U.S. Department of State  Country Commercial Guide,  the airport at Dakar is one of the principal international airports in West  Africa, handling a variety of aircraft on its 2 runways. The airport serves  more than 24 international airlines, handling 1.5 million passengers per  year and moving more than 20,000 metric tons of international airfreight. There are direct flights to Europe and North America, along with frequent  flights to several African countries. Secondary airports are located in the  regions of Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, and Ziguinchor. In total, there were  20 airports in 1999. The competitive advantage of French firms in this sector relates, in part, to concessional funding (funds are granted in exchange for specific contracts)  given by the French government to the Senegalese government for the  modernization of the telecommunications network. The competitive advantage is also demanding in its export sector- The composition of exports Manufactured exports are heavily concentrated in three sectors: fishing and fish-processing, chemicals (the ICS) and oilseeds (mainly groundnuts). This will be clear from the following table: These three sectors represented 81 percent of manufactured exports in 1974. By 1999 this share increased to 93 percent. Within this subgroup, substantial change has taken place. In the 1970s, the groundnut oil sector dominated, with 56 percent of manufactured exports in 1974. In the 1980s, with the creation of the ICS, coupled with a decline in the groundnut harvests, the situation changed markedly. By 1999, the groundnut industrys share had plummeted to less than 12.6 percent while chemicals were up to 39.8 percent. The fishing industry also experienced a large expansion, and accounted for just over 40.6 percent of manufactured exports in 1999.

Coca Cola History And Development Commerce Essay

Coca Cola History And Development Commerce Essay History of and development : Coca cola was started in 1800s by John Pemberton. Coca cola recipe developed at the Eagle drugs and chemicals company, a pharmacy in Columbus, Georgia. Originally its called Pembertons French coca wine. He may have been Mariani wine with great success, European coca wine inspiration. 1886, in Atlanta, Fulton County, by prohibiting legislation, Pemberton responded coca-cola developed, is essentially a non-alcoholic version of French wine coca-cola. The first sales were at Jacobs pharmacy in Atlanta on May 8, 1886. They sold it in Atlanta for five cents a glass. And they didnt mix with water, the test was very strong. It was called Pembertons French wine coca, and it was sold as a medicine to help the people from cold and some people was using it as energy Drink. In United States it used to Sold at soda fountains. The starting year of the company sales was so low, around nine drink per day so Dr. Pemberton think that he didnt make a lot of money with the drink. So he sold his business to Asa g. Candler. To just before he died in 1888. After six year on 12 March 1894 coca cola was 1st sold in bottles in Atlanta with actual cocaine content. And after 61 years later in 1955 it sold in cans. The Coca-Cola Company is the production of concentrated syrup, and then sold to different bottling plants around the world held by Coca-Cola franchise. Coca-Cola bottler, the territory of an exclusive contract with the company, produce finished cans and bottles of concentrated filtered water and sweeteners combined. Then bottling sell, distribute and merchandise Coca-Cola products retail stores, vending machines, restaurants and food service distributors. (Bodden 2008) Important development include the period from 1980-1990, such as diet coke, cherry coke, diet cherry coke. 2000- 2005, coke with lemon, vanilla coke diet coke with lemon. (Coca cola 2012) Key milestones 2002(In India) golden peacock award for global excellence in corporate Governance, by the world council for corporate 2005 Chinas best corporate citizen conduct award, 21st century business Herald 2006 International Supplier of the Year, Wal-Mart 2010 Coca cola was number one global brand in world (FMCG 2011) 10 year financials in column chart from with short analysis Coca cola profit, revenues, 2000-2010 Since year 2000 company is performing in comfortable raising zone of its journey. Year by year increasing in profit and in revenue is been measured as per the above listed graph. In 2009 because of market decline (resection) company gone through a loss but by 2010 it shows a positive comeback again towards the profit. (Coca cola annual report 2000-2010) Overview of industry, markets, products, service; Coca cola is world largest company for manufacturer, marketer and distributor of non alcoholic drinks in world. Coca Cola Company produces coca cola music, snacks and more than 3500 non-alcoholic beverages, from regular sparkling and diet drinks such as juices, waters, energy waters, Coffee-tea, milk and Etc. Based drinks. Like diet coke, sprite, Fanta, Thumps up, limca, emerald mounted and etc. For marketing, Coca Cola Company is using Advertising, Coca-Cola advertising as its main source of consumer awareness. It is mainly the use of TV. Coca-Cola products have a lot of TV add. The source of the companys products to reach a large audience. Latest TV advertising for Coca-Cola soft drinks was YOU KNOW, YOU WANT IT. The company also uses another source of radio advertising. This is an inexpensive method compared, TV. Advertising costs in the past three years have shown $ 11 million. Coca cola companies operating income 2009 increased 4 percent in the quarter, and after that decreased 3 percent at the end of year. In 2011 Coca cola unit case volume is increased 5% in word wide Coca cola had 42% distributed in United States, 37% in Mexico, Brazil, India, and Japan. And 20 % distributed in rest of the world. Coca cola have 60.9% market share in India. Coca-Cola uses intensive distribution strategy. The companys products are sold almost all exports include: retail outlets  · Shops  · Restaurants  · Gas Station  · sale kiosks  · school, sports and entertainment venue  · from a vending machine Coca Cola Company is using C to C method for service, c to c means company to customer. In US and Canada coca cola using hotline service. Customer can direct call to the company. (Coca cola 2006-2012) Major issue that affected the coca cola company in past 3 years. In 2009 China national cereals, oils and foodstuffs corporation {COFCO} and Coca Cola Company make new joint venture. Coca cola Company started new bottling plant in northwest china. And it was joint venture with COFCO. For this plant coca cola invest 30.9 US dollar. Coca Cola 5000 opportunities for job. Because the plan now days coca cola have 3rd largest market in china. In June 2010 Simon group and coca cola company improve their marketing alliance. In June 2010 Simon group and coca cola company improve their marketing alliance. In America Simon group is the number 1 real estate group and Coca Cola Company was venture with that group. And with Simon group the coca cola company can extend their marketing in mall. And thats coca cola have very easy to interact with the consumers like youngster In august 2010 coca cola company bottler settles discrimination case In august 2008, Coca-Cola Bottling Company MERGED in Charlotte, Atlanta-based Coca-Cola Company is separate from the money to pay wage arrears, plus interest, to 95 black and Hispanic job seekers apply for sales positions in 2002, according to the U.S. Department of Labour. (Coca cola 2006-2012) How has the organizations culture, values, history and development influenced leadership, management, and OB? Core values: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ in Coca-Cola company culture, leadership, passion, integrity, cooperation, diversity, quality and accountability system, is defined by. Coca-Colas central commitment acts as the mind, body, spirit and inspire optimism to refresh the world to create value and make a difference. 2 assets to give them a chance to make this commitment-their people and brand. As a global company, the Coca-Cola Companys has an ability to understand, accept and work in a multicultural world both in the market and in the workplace our sustainable development is crucial. They work hard to ensure inclusive and equitable work environment for their associates, all diversity training on a regular basis. We found that, the ongoing dialogue clues to a better understanding of their colleagues, their suppliers, their customers, their stakeholders, and ultimately greater success on the market. (Coca cola 2006-2011) The coca-cola development = The key to the development of quality incentive and reward system to understand the needs of the coca cola employees, Coca-Cola HBC Hrvatska, they will conduct regular quantitative and qualitative research on employee satisfaction. Based on the findings, develop an action plan to further improve their motivation and reward system. They further adjust the current system of economic trends, industry branch of their companys strategic plan, our department goals and personal goals. (Coca-Cola HBC Hrvatska d.o.o 2012) Company leadership, management, and OB analysis Muhtar Kent is the CEO and President of the coca cola company. He has spent his entire career with Coca Cola Company. He was born in new York 1952, and he was completed his high school from Mersin, turkey in 1971 after that he went to the university of hull, in united kingdom for Master of Business Administration (MBA). In 1987, Mr. Muhtar Kent joined the coca-cola company at Atlanta, as marketing and operations leadership positions. In 1995 and 1998, Mr. Kent becomes Managing Director, in Coca-Cola Amatil Europe and he was handled bottling operations in 12 nation and regions. Mr. Kent, in 2005, president and chief operating officer of the Coca-Cola Company, the Companys North Asia, Eurasia and Middle East Group, the organization provides a broad and diverse region, including China, Japan and Russia. Less than a year later, in 2006, Mr. Kent served as president of Coca-Cola International, until he was appointed president and chief operating officer of The Coca-Cola Company, is responsible for overseeing all business operations. In July 2008, Mr. Muhtar Kent became CEO and President. (Thomas White International ltd, 2012) Type = Muhtar Kent is primary Transformational leadership type, with a strong visionary leadership. When he was become CEO in 2008 he set his vision to establish a long-term economic growth even in his plan in us market revenue goal of doubling by 2020. (Yuki 2010) Values and attitudes = Muhtar Kent can increase the value of their employees, build trust in the workplace. Trust employees are more likely to emulate the actions of a leader, because they see the value-added of action. This trust has penetrated to the continued growth of the Coca-Cola Company on a global scale. (Gupte 2003-2008) Personality = Muhtar Kent personality is similar to his style, personality of Mr. Kent was based on building a trust with their employs and creating an trust worthy staff which helps him in running coco cola to its heights. (Gupte 2003-2008) Style and behavioural characteristics = His style is Dynamic leadership and characteristics = he is Being low-key and loving what he does. A Dynamic leader able to add value to their employees, to build trust in the workplace. Trust employees are more likely to emulate the actions of a leader, because they see the value-added of action. Muhtar Kent, a leader always maintains relationship of trust of his employees and customers is a good example. This trust has penetrated to the continued growth of the Coca-Cola Company on a global scale. No matter the size, dynamic leaders can change the value of their company (Yuki 2010) Key skill = Muhtar Kent main key skill is his experience and his innovative ideas. For example, Muhtar Kent has more than 26 year experience in Coca Cola Company and he know very well that how to increasing profit and revenue, And about his innovative ideas Muhtar Kents helping organization with his incorporate innovative ideas to expand their business, is unmatched worldwide income. (Gupte 2003-2008) Practices = Muhtar Kent always motivates his organization employer to think good and think for company future. And he said that always try to keep true to yourself and do the right thing. And fell proud on what you did. Muhtar Kent meets his management team daily and discus about the current issues and all reports for organization. He travels around the word for meets with manager in major countries. (Gupte 2003-2008) Evaluate how leadership skill have developed over his career = Muhtar Kent leadership skill are truly gift from his parents. From the childhood he always observes his father Mr. Necdet Kent keenly and he learns lots of practices from him. Muhtar Kent says that he learned his management skills when he was doing his  Master of Business Administration (MBA) from Cass business school London. (Cable news network 2012) major reasons for success = Kent describes the success of the Coca-Cola Companys micro-distribution scheme; this is the beginning, because of its delivery trucks cannot reach rural communities. The company created a micro-distribution centre (MDC) to drink their own businesses in the local alternative means. According to Mr. Kent, they are the Golden Age, these entrepreneurs to become leaders in their communities, they are an additional 8,000 people in Africa, he said. Coca-Cola oath entrepreneurs in the new Micro Distribution Centre (MDC) last year, 50% are women, we have been in seven African countries that goal. (Coca cola 2010) Identify major/potential weaknesses that could lead to failure = Muhtar Kent always takes risk for investing. Once he take decision he never thing about risk. Recently Mr. Kent declares that he will invest 500 million U.S. dollars from now to 2020, a variety of activities, including the establishment of a new bottling plant in India. And that investment has big risk. 2. Describe and analyze the organization and management using the following attributes. Vision = The company goal as a roadmap and guide their business every aspect of the framework describes the tasks they need to complete in order to continue to achieve stable, quality growth Mission = Companys roadmap starts with their mission, which is enduring. Declare our purpose as a company and is based on the standard as they measure their actions and decisions. Value = Companys values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹as a compass for their actions and describe how they react in world. Leadership: shaping a better future for courage Collaboration: the use of collective genius Integrity: is true Accountability: if this is for me Committed in the passion of the heart and mind Diversity: As inclusive, because our brand Quality: We do, we do WEL (Coca cola mission stetment-2012) Goal = A global goal set by the company is safe to return to nature and society a certain amount of water equivalent to what the use for in its production in 2020. (The Climate Group-2012) Competitive strategy = PepsiCo is one of the most powerful opponents of the Coca-Cola Company, one of the products of the same series at the same price. This threat is important, because it cannot be eliminated to produce better quality products at lower prices but The Coca-Cola Company, the success of the strategy and management skills explained; it is everywhere, sporting events, advertising, movies, billboards, and many other media. Coca-Cola has been out a lot of different types and flavours, to compete with their competitors. (zeshan ali 2012) Structure = coke.png The Company has a personal international division of labour, because of its international staff in the headquarters of the isolated operation. Different departments throughout the continents of the world, all the president control every continent split. Style = Successful management team has to motivate employees Management style, they have taken to meet their target is based. There are three main management; autocratic, democratic and Laissez-faire style System = Coca-Cola business unique model. The development of high-quality brand Coca-Cola Company and their bottling partners, production and distribution. The system has been able to provide unparalleled drinks and more than a century, around the world the results. 3. Other issues 1. Describe the organization strategy. Describe how they manage cross cultural issues. Around the world, Coca-Cola is consumed. Its product strength has already begun to over-saturate the world market and to break the foreign markets, competitiveness rough established foreign brands. The Coca-Colas business strategy was formulated 115 years before. The strategy is very simple, the familiar red and white flag firmly imprinted in the hearts of the people all around the world. There has been a very successful strategy for cokes sales for more than 200 countries worldwide. Coca-cola has done very well in its international strategy. This is a world renowned brand and consumed almost everywhere. They conduct medical campaign yearly twice to help the people in the society. An example of coca cola international strategy is, Coca-Cola Company has been working with the African local people, which is a great business strategy. Because it acts as the desire and enthusiasm for the people, and its products are very successful. Coca-Cola has done advertising with great African footballers. This great advertising strategy, Coca-Cola became a lasting symbol of Africas top brand. They also prevent competitors of Coca-Cola, to get any market share in South Africa. (International business blog 2010) 2. Describe how power is used in the organization and how it is shared; describe the internal politics. How are conflicts resolved? Atlanta, the head quarter of coca cola is centralised by high power. The coca cola company CEO and chairman of the board Mr. Kent makes all the decisions regarding the company policies. The Coca-Cola Company has a separate international division, It constitutes around the world and various departments to control each continent with separate president. Coca cola company major division EURASIA AND AFRICA, EUROPE, LATIN AMERICA, NORTH AMERICA, and PACIFIC are now controlled by president of division. And he sit in the corporate headquarter. Examples = Ahmed C. Bozer Eurasia and Africa Group, president of the Coca-Cola Company, the leadership of the Companys business activities in more than 90 countries and regions. Headquartered in Istanbul, the Group consists of six business units, including Turkey, the Middle East and North Africa, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, India and South-West Asia, Central Asia, the Middle East and West Africa and South Africa. 3. Describe the main communication processes. Be specific in your discussion. Coca cola company in February 2007 and the previous CEO john Brock, they need to communicate, a new strategic direction for the coca cola. However, they dont have cohesive communication strategy, John Brock is unable to reach and rapidly with the entire organizations employees. But then after with the implementation of the communication strategy of the CISCO internet business solution group. Coca-Cola through Ciscos successful implementation of communication. The proposed combination of Ciscos own success in the internal administration of the communication process unified communications solutions based on, but targeted to coca cola company opportunities, challenges, and cultural. A customized roadmap defines a phased approach, the first stage to provide live video and video-on-demand coca colas senior management team. The first phase also includes the companys intranet, audio and 30,000 knowledge workers a meeting in a box, so that management personnel on-site staff to convey information. Subsequent phases will be further driven by the automation to the organization, so that all employees secure access to intranet or through kiosks in each device. And on the Results that 90 % of employees satisfied with new communications and Coca-Cola set up the whole framework of the companys global operations and Rebuild its implementation of communication strategies. Today everyone that the Coca-Cola Company in the communication aspect is a big difference, said: Heights. We were able to communicate quickly; we have been fast enough, we they have a consistent message. (Cisco IBSG 2011) What is the importance of being a learning organization? How is this demonstrated? For coca cola, Learning organization is an important part of its overall mission statement, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the company take the lead in learning plan development and structure, not only the leader, but the employees throughout the organization. Coca Cola Universitys purpose is to provide experience to equip people with practical skills and knowledge, in order to win the market. Employees in a wide range of areas including human leadership, the leadership of the franchise, the consumer market and customer, business class. Coca Cola University is the best research, and provide training / consulting service to learning transfer between the different parts of the coca cola franchise system (Coca cola 2006-2012) Describe their policy in handling ethic issues. Give at least one example of resolving a major ethical issue. Coca cola Company has very strong ethical code; the code is needed for honesty and integrity in all situations. Coca cola directors, managers or any other employs must have to read and understands the code, and follow the lessons in the organization or in market. This code can help their people to do the right thing and a place to play, the rules they operate around the global For Example, In 2003, near every community of the Coca-Cola bottling plant in Kerala, India to protest water shortages and water pollution, resulting in its bottling operations. These allegations led to the closure of the bottling plant. Coca-Cola unethical business behaviour is prohibited state. After that coca cola company near the local bottling plant in order to win the trust between the people and improve their business practices and they reduction 34% in water consumption. (Coca cola 2006-2012) What are the major strengths and weaknesses of the companys leadership, management and OB? Strengths of Coca Cola Company Globally known about Coca Cola Company Coca-Cola Company, is well-known around the globally and has a long history. The company holds the brand name of its own credibility in the international market. And coca cola have customer all around the world. Coca cola companys Brand Image Coca cola company brand image is very good, around the world. Coca Cola Company is so famous and almost every people know about coca cola brand. Its development has a great impact on the coca cola company image. Coca cola is rated as the world first cold drink brand. Supply chain management (SCM) The company has successfully dealt with Supply Chain Management (SCM) which is the spine of any company. Coke deals with SCM and gives training and conducts campaigns regarding it. This seems to be proactive and successfully convert them to strength. And coca cola have very good supply chain management. Brand positioning Coca-Colas brand positioning is very strong. The company focused on Training Online Manager (TOM). Top of mind strategy allows consumers to remember the product, as well as the product is the number one position. Positioning strategy is the real strength of the company, because it made à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹a great contribution to the success of the company. Quality of the product Coco-cola gives first preference to its and quality and maintains its consistency all over the years. They also maintain quality management team which focuses on the products always. This made the companys product to reach globally around the world. (Coca cola, swot analysis 2010) Weaknesses of Coca Cola Company Limited drinks add in market. Weaknesses for the coca cola company is, they produce drinks such as Coke and Sprite are very popular, but the company there are about 400 different types of beverage type. Largely unknown, rarely seen available for purchase. These drinks may taste is not bad, but the result is quite low-key or non-existent advertising. This is a weakness in the analysis of companies, they need to research. On health problem Another weakness has been greatly publicized health problems are surrounded by some of their products. It is understood that a popular product, such as coke is not very beneficial to your body and your health. In todays constantly transferred to the health care products and some products may lose customers. This may be a new focus on weight and health problems, is detrimental to your health. Not produce organic drink As for the internal weaknesses, the same never produced organic products of the Coca-Cola Company. They do not have relationships with organic suppliers. Promotional activities Coca cola company, In Pakistan ignored the most important element is to promote. On the other hand it can be seen, Pepsi publicity activation. Make significant recommendations for improvement :- For the my recommendation for improvement, I would like to suggest to the coca cola company, Coca Cola Company doesnt have any drinks which contend natural items in drink, they have to make any drink which contend with natural flower and contend. Coca Cola Company have to do some marketing for snack, water bottled, sports drinks and some other product. Coca Cola Company has to clear their problem which is on peoples health related. Coca cola have to stop plastic bottle because nobody can destroy it and around 25% only recycle. Coca Cola Company have to served drink only in cane so nobody can mix anything with drinks, in plastic bottle some people open it and mix something and pack it nicely and they seal. Coca cola have to start some policy like If costumer gives 4 empty bottles, he gets one free coca cola drink. Coca cola have to improve their water plant because for beverage they need lots of water, now recently they face problem in coca cola plant India for water supply. For marketing coca cola company has to make some TV add with kids so they can attract kids. The company to use splenda instead of aspartame in the diet pop. And the same time use citric acid instead of phosphoric acid in the beverages.

Vietnam :: Vietnam Culture Vietnamese Government Essays

Vietnam The Socialist Republic of Vietnam consists of the former Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) and the former Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam). The division of the country resulted from the defeat of the French by Communist-inspired nationalists in 1954. A prolonged civil war resulted in a victory for the Communist north, and reunification occurred in mid-1976. Physical Setting Vietnam has an area of 127,207 square miles (329,465 square kilometers) and is located in Southeast Asia. The country has a coastline of nearly 1,440 miles (2,317 kilometers), much of which fronts on the South China Sea. Border countries are China, Cambodia, and Laos. The latter two countries, along with Vietnam, constituted the former French Indochina. Northern Vietnam is quite mountainous, especially the extreme north and northwest. The Red River (Song Hong), which originates in China's Yunnan Province, is the principal river of the north and is about 725 miles (1,167 kilometers) in length. The major lowland area is a delta that has been created by deposits from the Red River as it enters the Gulf of Tonkin. The river passes through the capital city of Hanoi. For more than 2,000 years the Tonkin Lowland, considered the cradle of Vietnamese civilization, has been the scene of considerable water control efforts in the form of canals and dikes. The southernmost portion of the country is dominated by another lowland that is much more extensive than that in the north. This lowland has essentially been created by the Mekong River (Song Cuu Long) and its various tributaries. Just north of Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon) the landscape becomes more varied and rolling with forested hills. The central portion of Vietnam varies in width but is only 35 miles (56 kilometers) at its narrowest point. This region has only a narrow coastal strip in contrast to the rest of the coastline, where wider lowlands exist. The westernmost portion of the area is dominated by the Annamese, or Annamite, Cordillera, a major mountain chain, which forms the spine of the country from north to south. Along with the two major rivers, there are many shorter rivers that drain the highlands and flow eastward to the South China Sea. The country also has six island groups, 14 separate mountain ranges, and three large lakes. The climate of Vietnam is largely tropical, though the north may be distinguished as subtropical. Differences in humidity, rainfall, and temperature are caused largely by changes in elevation. The north has a hot and humid five- month-long wet season lasting from May through September. The remainder of the year is relatively warm and rainfree, but humid. A prolonged period of fog,

Hackers :: essays research papers fc

Hacking: "Slang word for a computer enthusiast. One who breaks into the computer system of a company or government." 1 Most hackers break into computers not to wreak havoc, but simply to explore and share information with one another. A small minority, however, do wish to create mischief. These individuals are the ones who have the public fearing hackers. They are genuinely responsible for the Media calling hackers criminals. These individuals and gangs purposely break into computers for personal financial gain, or to turn your six thousand dollar state of the art computer into a six thousand dollar paperweight. A hacker via RoadRunner can easily glide into an unprotected PC.2 There; they can potentially get credit card numbers and other valuable goodies. â€Å"Instead of thinking 'criminal' or 'vandal' when hearing the word hacker, we want the public to think of 'knowledge seekers' and 'curious wanderers'.† 3 â€Å"Destruction and unethical ignorance has plagued the underground too long, let's bring back the old school ways of creation and system penetrating for the knowledge that it is holding, not for the destruction of that knowledge nor the possessors of it.† 3 -www.hackers.com A stereotype that is casually applied to a hacker, is that they are geeks, doofs and nerds. They have few or no friends and spend the majority of their time in front of their computers. In actuality a hacker could be a CEO of a multinational, or the person sitting next to you on the subway. Obviously there are some things all hackers have in common. All are able to do advanced calculations in math, are well versed in computer languages, and have a good grasp of their Native language. They must have a state of the art computer that they know inside and out. They also have access to, or knowledge of secret codes and computer languages. Hackers have many tools in their â€Å"toolbox† for breaking into computers. An example of this is a Password Sniffer. This is a program, which is secretly hidden on a network. The sniffer is programmed to record, in a secret file, logos and passwords. In the span of a week, these tiny, planted programs can record hundreds of user names and code words and their associated passwords. This information is then sent back to the hacker. Last year an advisory from Carnegie Mellon University's Computer Emergency Response Team warned that, because of a rash of sniffing attacks, tens of thousands of passwords had been stolen and were presumed to be compromised.